Approval quorums dominate participation quorums
نویسندگان
چکیده
We study direct democracy with population uncertainty. Voters’ participation is often among the desiderata by the election designer. A participation quorum is a threshold on the fraction of participating voters below which the status quo is kept. We show that participation quorums produce incentive for partisans of the status quo to abstain, with the consequence that the status quo may be kept in situations where the planner would prefer the reform, or the reform is passed when the planner prefers the status quo. An approval quorum is a threshold on the number of voters expressing a ballot in favor of the reform below which the status quo is kept. We show that approval quorums do not suffer from the drawbacks of participation quorums. Moreover, an electoral system with approval quorum performs better than one with participation quorum even when the planner wishes to implement the corresponding participation quorum social choice function.
منابع مشابه
Approval Quorums Dominate Participation
We study direct democracy with population uncertainty. Voters’ participation is often among the desiderata by the election designer. We show that with a participation quorum, i.e. a threshold on the fraction of participating voters below which the status quo is kept, the status quo may be kept in situations where the planner would prefer the reform, or the reform is passed when the planner pref...
متن کاملFlexible Paxos: Quorum Intersection Revisited
Distributed consensus is integral to modern distributed systems. The widely adopted Paxos algorithm uses two phases, each requiring majority agreement, to reliably reach consensus. In this paper, we demonstrate that Paxos, which lies at the foundation of many production systems, is conservative. Specifically, we observe that each of the phases of Paxos may use non-intersecting quorums. Majority...
متن کاملQuorums from Diierence Covers
Maekawa considered a simple but suboptimal grid-based quorum generation scheme in which N sites in the network are logically organized in the form of a p N p N grid, and the quorum sets are row-column pairs. Even though the quorum size 2 p N of the grid scheme is twice as large as nite projective plane with optimal sized quorums, it has the advantage of being simple and geometrically evident. A...
متن کاملA Framework for Fault-Tolerant Distributed Mutual Exclusion and Replica Control Using Grid Structures
This paper presents a framework for fault-tolerant distributed mutual exclusion and replica control algorithms utilizing overlapping grid quorums, which are sets constructed with the aid of grid structures. There are two components of the framework: the first one concerns generic representation of grid quorums, and the second one, generic verification of the overlapping properties of grid quoru...
متن کاملTriangular Grid Protocol: An Efficient Scheme for Replica Control with Uniform Access Quorums
Replication is an important technique in distributed database systems. Many recent researches have focused on organizing multiple copies of replicated data into logical structures such as trees and square grids. There has been some progress in getting smaller quorum sizes, higher availability, and better load balancing. These approaches, however, require separate quorums for read and write oper...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Social Choice and Welfare
دوره 45 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2015